INFINITIVE/ GERUND/ PRESENT PARTICIPLE

SENTENCES APPEARED IN THE BOARD EXAMINATION

Rewrite the sentences using the “Infinitive form” of the underlined word.

1.	Courage is sticking to your post in danger.	(Mar. 1996)
2.	I regretted saying it wasn’t true.	(Oct. 1996)
3.	She is working in an exclusively male dominated domain.	(Mar. 1997)
4.	Food is the most essential factor in building and maintaining health.	(Oct. 1997)
5.	Early rising is good.	(Mar. 1998)
6.	Thinking of their daily bread and butter is usual for them.	(Mar. 1999)
7.	Every country has a government. It looks after its progress.
	(Combine the sentence using the ‘Infinitive’)	(Feb. 2000)

8.     Overtaking a record was a mere formality. (Oct. 2000, Feb. 2007)

9.      I hate waiting at the crowded railway station. (Feb. 2001)

10.     Making toys is no child’s play. (Feb. 2002)

11.    The crew sacrificed themselves for saving the passengers. (Oct. 2002)

12.    The jobs that men enjoy doing most can always wait. (Feb. 2003) 

13. No one has yet invented a suitable way of its rays.             (Oct. 2003)

14. We can do nothing which may bring discredit to our cause. (Feb. 2004)

15.   The clouds swirl down to touch the Himalaya, Smattering them with affectionate layers of fresh snow.          (Oct. 2005-C)

16.   The first step in education is learning to read. (Feb. 2006)

17.   It offers tools for managing the environment.

  (Use the Infinitive form of the underlined word.)  (Oct. 2008-A)

18.  He began preparing for his career.

(Rewrite using the Infinitive form of the underlined word) (Oct. 2008-B)

19.  Millions of people spend hours everyday feeding their minds and the minds of their children with un adulterated junk.

  (Use the Infinitive form of the underlined word)         (Feb. 2009-A)

20.  I have tried getting you into the Kitchen.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined word) (Feb. 2009-B)

21.The goddess came to its rescue salvaging it with her Kur.

  (Use the Infinitive form ..........)              (Feb.2010-C)

22.     It offers tools for managing the environment.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Oct.2011-B)

23. I went around the village saying good-bye to my friends.

(Rewrite using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Oct. 2014)

24.  He started developing an all-around interest in craft and sports.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Feb. 2015-A)

25.  He sent a personalized letter offering each couple a free two-week subscription.

(Rewrite the sentence using ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Feb. 2015-B)

26. It was a pleasure walking around there.

(Rewrite using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Feb. 2015-C) 

27. She is rather unabbashed about waking up past noon on a daily basis.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (Feb. 2016-D)

28. Reuben scoured the town, collecting the barlap nail bags.

(Rewrite it using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words) (July 2017-D)

29. They had to follow all the conditions of becoming an ‘Adarsh Gaon’.

(Rewrite the using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words)              (July 2017)

30. Parents and teachers should take precautions in ensuring a proper balance between education and moral values.

    (Rewrite it using the ‘Infinitive form’ of the underlined words)           (July 2017-C)

GERUNDS

SENTENCES APPEARED IN THE BOARD EXAMINATION

Rewrite the sentences using the “Gerund form” of the underlined word.

1. To die is better than to surrender. (Oct. 1997)

2. It is better to starve than to beg. (Oct. 1998)

3.  He refused to do so. (Mar. 1999)

4.  The leisure pursuits of a young man thus help us to map out a congenial  occupational area for him.  (Oct. 2002)

5.   He preferred to talk. (Oct.2003)

6.   It takes thousands of tons of mineral to produce only a few ounces of radium. (Oct. 2004)

7.	They can help to start a dialogue.	(Feb. 2004)
8.	To hide anything means that you are afraid.	(Feb. 2006)
9.	Public may take some time to apprehend that it is being cheated.	(Feb. 2006)
10.	They urged otto to find the publisher. (Rewrite using ‘Present Participle’ of the underlined part)	(Oct. 2006)
11.	They mean to put the desert to work in terms of modern industry. (Rewrite using ‘Present Participle’ of the underlined part)	(Feb. 2007)
12.	They pull them to pieces and put them together.
	(Rewrite using ‘Present Participle’ of the underlined word)	(Feb. 2007)
13.	There is a bizarre attempt to teach language as if it were some kind of
	mathematics.	(Feb. 2007)
14.	What is the best way to do it ?	(Feb. 2008)

15.   The sky poured turbulent waters on Mumbai to transform lanes and streets into rivers.(Feb. 2010-B)

16.  The time had come to set David straight. (Feb. 2011-A)

17.   Most mornings my wife enters the kitchen to find them scurrying away.  (Feb. 2011-B)

18.    I cannot speak for the whole Kargudi clan which ranges from rigid Tamil Brahmins to beefeating, pizza-guzzling, hip-hop dancers.

(Rewrite the sentence using ‘ing-form’ of the underlined word) (Feb. 2012-A) 

19. But he refused to do so.

(Rewrite using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word)   (Feb. 2012)

20.  Sunlight would pour in through the window to light a fresh day.(Rewrite the sentences using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word) (Feb. 2013)

21. Chaitanya offered to buy the tickets for us.

     (Rewrite it using ‘ing’ form of the underlined word)              (Feb. 2014)

22.  The squirrel was excellent in climbing.

            (Mention the function of the underlined gerund)          (Feb. 2015-A)

23  My main hobby was to wonder through Paddy fields.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word) (Feb. 2015-D)

24. Gandhiji brushed aside adulation to remain a free nobody.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word) (Oct. 2015-B

25. To read a lot is essential.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word) (Oct. 2015-B)

26. I stand here to thank Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

(Rewrite the sentence using the ‘Gerund form’ of the underlined word) (July 2018)

27. Insects have already adopted the tactic of discuise to escape from the clutches of their predators.

   (Replace infinitive with gerund and rewrite)            (Feb. 2019)

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ‘GERUND’  AND  ‘PRESENT PARTICIPLE’

           GERUNDS

A verb which ends in ‘ing’ and can act as a ‘Noun’ and a ‘Verb’.

A Gerund can be

(a)    Subject of the verb.                  (b) Object of the verb.

                       Reading poetry is my hobby.   My hobby is reading poetry.

(c)   Governed by a preposition.

I am fond of reading poetry.

              PRESENT PARTICIPLE

A verb which ends in ‘ing’ and can act both as an adjective and ‘Verb’.

i) We met a girl carrying a basket of flowers.

 ii) There is an elaborate healing mechanism within the body.             OR

(1)  Playing cricket is his hobby.                          

 (2)   Playing cricket he became famous. 

 Gerund (Subject of the sentence)  Present Participle (Says something about him)

Prepared by

TUSHAR J BAGWE

K J SOMAIYA COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND COMMERCE VIDYAVIHAR EAST MUMBAI 77

E Mail IDs:

tushar@somaiya.edu

tushar8bagwe@gmail.com

Jaisinghtushar 812@gmail.com