MODAL AUXILIARIES

MODAL AUXILIARIES

Primary Auxiliary	Have to / Has to / Had to
No. Modal  Auxiliary Use / purpose 1. can ability, Permission 2. could ability in the past, permission 3 May permission, possibility (less), weak probability 4 should Advice, suggestion 5 must / ought to obligation, moral obligation, compulsion 6 May not / shall not Prohibition 7 will Certainty 8 might possibility (least), weakest probability 9 Need to Necessity 10 would Habitual Action in the past, used to			Will May Might More certain / definite less certain / definite least certain / definite

SENTENCES APPEARED IN THE BOARD EXAMINATION.

1.	I have to work as hard as I can. (Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘obligation’)	(Mar. 1996)
2.	You should do what your teacher tells you to do. (Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘obligation’)	(Oct. 1996)
3.	They need to be protected. (Rewrite using modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)	(Mar. 1997)
4.	The remaining journey has to be undertaken on foot or pony. (Rewrite using on appropriate modal auxiliary)	(Oct. 1997)
5.	You can go to bed early so that you are fresh in the morning. (Rewrite using modal auxiliary of ‘advice’)	(Mar. 1998)
6.	Be prepared always to pay the price. (Rewrite using a modal auxiliary showing ‘Suggestion’.)	(Oct. 1998)
7.	Dead plants and animals may lie rotting at bottom. (Rewrite it by using a modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)	(Mar. 1999)
8.	An animal may alter the surroundings.	(Oct. 1999)

(Rewrite using a modal auxiliary of ‘ability’)

9.	Your younger brother is careless about his study. (Frame a sentence of your own using modal autiliary giving him ‘advice’)	(Mar. 2000)
10.	We can see certainly that they are not placed in other employment. (Use a modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)	(Oct. 2000)
11.	You have to study regularly to get success in the exam. (Rewrite using modal auxiliary showing ‘advice’)	(Oct. 2001)
12.	The time might come.	(Feb. 2002)

(Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘certainty.’)

13. The labelling of human beings in terms of their interests should not be overdone. (Oct. 2002) (Rewrite the sentence using a modal auxiliary showing “obligation”)

14. He could get into an argument. (Oct. 2003)

(Rewrite the sentence using ‘able to’)

15. You may do just as you like. (Oct. 2003)

(Rewrite the sentence using another modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)

16. One should insist on whole meal flour and whole meal bread. (Feb. 2004)

(Rewrite using the modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)

17. People with intellectual interests will do well in occupations dealing with ideas, rules, regulations facts and figures .

	(Replace the modal auxiliary by the one showing ‘less certainty’)	(Oct. 2004)
18.	You can understand it. (Rewrite using modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)	(Oct. 2004)
19.	You can halt at Uttarkashi.
	(Make the sentence ‘less definite; by using another modal auxiliary)	(Mar. 2005)
20.	We should protect and develop our forests.
	(Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘obligation’)	(Oct. 2005)
21.	Deficiencies can be corrected when all the nutrients are supplied.
	(Use Modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’.)	(Feb. 2006)

22. The blind can get themselves educated.  (Rewrite using ‘able to’)

23. Their interests may be literary.  (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)

24. A skillful advertiser may be able to create a monopoly.  (Use modal auxiliary ‘can’)

25. Do you realise your responsibiliy as educated women. (Oct. 2006)

(Use modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)

26. I must go to jail.  (Make it ‘less definite’) (Oct. 2006)

27.	The remaining journey has to be undertaken on foot or pony. (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)	(Feb. 2007)
28.	Young people should be considered for employments. (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)	(Feb. 2007)
29.	The Taj will be washed clean with salt free water. (Rewrite using modal, auxiliary showing ‘Obligation’)	(Feb. 2008)
30.	We would try to gauge, father’s mood from the movement of his eyes.
	(Use ‘used to’)	(Oct. 2008-A)
31.	We can make the  necessary decisions to protect it. (Rewrite it using the modal auxiliary showing compulsion)	(Oct. 2008-B)
32.	My mother would set up an establishment. (Rewrite the sentence by using ‘used to’)	(Feb. 2009-A)
33.	We worry about ‘junk food.’ (Use modal auxiliary verb showing ‘Compulsion’)	(Feb. 2009-A)
34.	I can cook.  (Rewrite the sentence by using ‘be able to’)	(Feb. 2009-B)
35.	Culture and arts will be strongly supported.  (Make it less definite)	(Feb. 2009-C)
36.	Don’t be trapped by dogma. (Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘advice’)	(Feb. 2009-D)
37.	It may intensify some of its woes. (Rewrite it using the modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)	(Oct. 2009-B)
38.	This man used to scrape up barely fifty rupees a month.  (Use ‘would’)	(Oct. 2009-C)
39.	He may have laughed in the company of his friends. (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)	(Feb. 2010-B)
40.	Our teachers could grow enormously by learning from their students. (Use modal auxiliary showing Advice )	(Feb. 2010-D)
41.	Irrigation may be the most obvious response to drought. (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’ )	(Oct. 2010-B)
42.	I would spend hours under it. (Rewrite it using used to)	(Oct. 2011-A)
43.	I could be part of the action. (Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing probability)	(Oct. 2011-A)
44.	Visually challenged people can read them. (Rewrite it using “able to”)	(Oct. 2011-A)
45.	Our society must weed this malaise out from the root.	(Oct. 2011-B)

(Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘advice’.)

46.	Our society must weed this malaise out from the root. (Use modal auxiliary showing ‘less certainty’)	(Feb. 2012-A)
47.	My father used to get transferred every year. (Rewrite it using ‘would’)	(Feb. 2013)
48.	You could pay eight times the going rate for a ‘lighting call’ (Rewrite it using modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)	(Feb. 2017-A)
49.	We can accept our life gracefully. (Rewrite it using the modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)	(Feb. 2014-B)
50.	This practice does lead to certain oddities. (Rewrite it using modal auxiliary showing ‘probability’)	(Feb. 2014-D)
51.	I would enjoy so many theatre performances. (Rewrite using ‘Used to’)	(Feb. 2014-C)
52.	I have to sell the sacks.	(Oct. 2014-B)

(Rewrite it replacing the underlined part with the modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)

53.	They should be updated frequently. (Rewrite it using the modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)	(Oct. 2014-C)
54.	Moreover, human population will stabilize at about 11.05 billion. (Make it ‘less definite’)	(Oct. 2014-D)
55.	My little girl can get tasty fruits from some other gardens tool. (Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘certainty’)	(Feb. 2015-C)
56.	Hundreds of these little birds would land on the paddy. (Rewrite the sentence using ‘used to’)	(Feb. 2015-D)
57.	I could talk about Chaitanya’s problem calmly. (Rewrite using ‘be able to’)	(Oct. 2015-A)
58.	He had to stay after school. (Use a modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)	(Oct. 2015-A)
59.	This song would be heard only in March and April. (Rewrite the sentence using ‘Used to’)	(Oct. 2015-C)
60.	The earth could withstand upto 2,00,000 times the current population. (Rewrite the sentence using the modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)	(Feb. 2016-C)
61.	Reuben couldn’t ask his father for the money.	(Feb. 2016-C)

(Use ‘be able to’)

62. Some people say that we cannot learn to speak a language better with the help of a book

(Use ‘be able to’) (July 2016-A)

63. A city must provide equity and also be sustainable. (July 2016-D)

(Rewrite using modal auxiliary showing ‘Advice’)

64. I will try. (July 2016-A)

(Rewrite the sentence using another modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)

65. I stood on the shore of that desolate Highland loch. (Feb. 2017-A)

(Rewrite it using ‘used to’)

66. You can sell waste to the raddi-wallah and give him a small token of appreciation.

(Replace the modal auxiliary by another showing ‘obligation’) (July 2017-A)

67. Villagers need to follow strict rules. (July 2017-A)

(Rewrite it using another Modal Auxiliary showing ‘Obligation’)

68. I enjoyed so many theatre performances. (July 2017-B)

(Rewrite it using ‘used to’)

69. You have to constantly watch out and talk to yourself. (Feb. 2018)

(Rewrite using another modal auxiliary showing ‘compulsion’)

70. There would still be situations of temporary poverty. (Feb. 2018)

(Rewrite it using ‘can’)

71. The power of concentration can be cultivated. (July 2018)

(Rewrite it using the modal auxiliary showing ‘certainty’)

72. This state of Maharashtra will work for the betterment of the common people

of Maharashtra. (Feb. 2019)

(Rewrite it using modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)

73. An abnormal eel could swim exceedingly well. (Feb. 2020-A)

(Rewrite it sentence using  ‘able to’)

TEXTUAL SENTENCES :-

1. You ought to make an effort and go visiting everywhere you are asked.

(Replace the modal auxiliary with another showing ‘Compulsion’)

2. I could not kneel because of my clothes.

(Use ‘be able to’)

3. You could pitch one tent there.

(Pick out the modal and state its function)

4. We must remove this contradiction at the earliest possible moment. (Pick out the modal auxiliary and state its function)