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Friday, April 9, 2021

POETIC APPRECIATION UNIT 2.6 MONEY

 POETIC APPRECIATION     UNIT 2.6 MONEY 


ABOUT THE POEM/POET/TITLE

The poem,” Money” is written by the Welsh poet and the writer William H Davies. The poem tells us about the times when a person has money and when he has no Money. William H Davies became a peddler and street singer and led a very simple life in United Kingdom. He has experienced both the lives.

THEME

The Theme of the poem is the effect of Money on the behaviour of people. When a person has money he may have many false friends. The poet compares himself with a child with a trumpet. He is not allowed to blow it for there has been a death.

POETIC DEVICES/LANGUAGE/STYLE

The poet has used Simile when the poor man’s wife is described as humming about busily like a bee. The use of Repetition in the first and the last stanza is very effective. Poetic devices like Anti-thesis, Inversion, onomatopoeia enhance the beauty of the poem.

SPECIAL FEATURES/TONE AND TYPE

The poem has five stanzas of four lines each. The seven or eight syllable lines are short but rich in poetic Devices. The rhyme scheme is rhythmical by nature. Repetition of the word,” Money” add new dimension to the poem. The poet also emphasised that lack of money does not mean lack of Happiness.

VALUES/MESSAGE

The message carry forward here is that no doubt Money is essential but Money is not everything. Money does not bring real happiness. The poor people are happy whereas rich are worried.

YOUR OPINION ABOUT THE POEM

The poem is written in a very simple language. It reminds us the value of money. People should not run behind money. They should find inner happiness and satisfaction in each and every moments of their lives.

Saturday, April 3, 2021

POETIC APPRECIATION 2.3 THE INCHCAPE ROCK


POETIC APPRECIATION OF THE POEM

   THE INCHCAPE ROCK


1)About the poem/poet/title

The  poem ,’ The inchcape rock is a ballad. It is about a dangerous rock near the scotish coast. Robert southey was inspired by the story of a pirate who cut the bell on the Inchcape Rock placed by the Abbot of Aberbrothok .The title gives the hint that the rock is an important element of the poem.

2)The  theme

The theme is about an Abbot and a pirate . The Abbot is concerned about human beings and help to save the sailors.

He put the Inchcape Bell on a buoy to warn ships day and night of the terrible Inchcape Rock , during storms. The rock was very perilous.

    But the Rover, in a fit of jealousy and anger, on a spring day, cut the bell just to trouble the Abbot of Aberbrothok.

3)Poetic style

The poem is a ballad, a story told in stanzas of four lines, with aabb rhyme. The story is narrated in a beautiful way and easy language. The poet has used many old English words(archaic words) like “ blest’”quoth” ‘canst’ “ methink” etc.

4)Language/ poetic devices used in the poem

The language is very easy since it is a story. The use of metaphor, Repetition, alliteration, onomatopoeia, Exclamation add colours in the poem.

5)Special features

The poem clearly depict the personality traits, Nature, human behaviours of characters as the story move ahead. It brought a tragic end, ruin to the  pirate and sailors.

6)Message, values, morals in the poem

The poem gives us a message that those who do wrong things will meet with due punishment. The values will remain forever. The story has a moral and useful in modern times.

7)Your opinion about the poem.

I like the poem because it is a like a moral story. It is applicable and has current relevance too.

Wednesday, March 31, 2021

POETIC APPRECIATION 2.5 FATHER REURNING HOME

  FATHER   RETURNING HOME        POETIC APPRECIATION 

AA          ABOUT  THE POEM/

PO       TITLE

  The poem,” Father Returning home,” is written  by Dilip Chitre 

This poem is taken from ,” Travelling in a Cage. Dilip  chitre  was a bilingual poet. This poem is a portrait of old Suburban commuter  (father) The poem depicts his 

dull, silent, Monotonous daily routine. It is a metaphor  for the

 father’s isolated and lonely life even though he is surrounded by

 people.

 

                         THEME:

The setting is dusk in monsoon. The  Painful loneliness is a symbol Of man’s

isolation from the materialistic man-made world. The dull routine life of father is supported by his appearance, journey, approach of his children 

towards him. The plight of an aged man and his struggle at home and outside is painted beautifully .

 

 

OP      POETIC DEVICES/

                   LANGUAGE:

 

 

The soggy clothes and mud-stained clothes symbolises his shabby 

Appearance. The language used by the poet is very simple . The use of Simile and imagery is very effective. The platform he crosses is grey, colour

 imagery For gloominess or dirty surroundings. The language is 

informal and simple to understand.

 

 

  SP     SPECIAL FEATURES:

 

The poem is divided into two parts. In the first half, father’s pitiable 

routine life is picturised .His eagerness  to reach  home, his alienation, The struggle for survival, his physical condition, his shabby appearance Creates  a vivid picture  before  The readers. In the second half, a forced alienation is reflected through

 the stale food and lack of sharing.

 

  V         VALUES ,MESSAGE

 

 

The message conveyed through the poem is how elderly people are 

Neglected, ignored and not looked after by their near ones and dear 

ones. The poem is about a father who is misunderstood .He is isolated even in the crowd. The values are diminishing day by day. We should learn that 

all of us are going to be old with the passage of time.

 

              YOUR OPINION 

AB 

I feel sorry and sad for such children who neglected the sacrifices

Made by their parents or grandparents. It is the duty of each one of 

us To take care of them, the way they took care of us when we were

Dependent.

   

AA    

POETIC APPRECIATION 2.4 HAVE YOU EARNED YOUR TOMORROW

 Q.3 B) POETIC APPRECIATION:             (04 MARKS)

Unit 2.4 Have you earned your tomorrow?




a) About the poem /Poet and the title

This poem iswritten by the famous poet Edgar Guest. He was known as people's poet and writer. The title of the poem is self-explanatory.This is an inspirational poem.It is a thought provoking poem.

 

b)Theme/central idea 

The poet has urged people and reader to be thoughtful in day to day life.The poet has put forward few questions.It made us to think if we are kind, generous, unselfish, patient and compassionate or not. We should be considerate in our lives. We are so selfish and engrossed that we do not bother about others.

c)Poetic devices, language,

style

     The use of interrogation is prominent. Out of sixteen lines,poet has used interrogation in eleven lines. The language is very simple. There is alliteration and rhyme. The poem has four stanzas of four lines each. The first Stanza has four lines having fourteen syllables.The second.third and Fourth have fifteen syllables.



d) special features, tone and type.



e) Message, values,moral in the poem.



     The message is clear.ones life is meaningful only if it is useful for humanity at large. If you are are able to help others and kind enough probably you may earn your tomorrow. Instead of waiting for tomorrow,you can utilise each day as if there would be no tomorrow.



f) your opinion about the poem :

I like the poem because it is related to our day to day life.It has a message for all the readers. I like the last stanza of the poem very much..It is an uplifting poem.we can start implementing the message conveyed in this poem.


POETIC APPRECIATION 2.2 INDIAN WEAVERS

 Q .3( B) Poetic Appreciation:(04)



 

       1.About the poem/poet/title :

Sarojini naidu a celebrated poetess known as the Nightingale of India. Through her poem, “Indian weavers” she spun the magic .it consists of three stanzas, each containing four lines. The poetess talks about three different phases of human life with the time of the day and the dress woven.



      2.Theme :

The poetess has talked about 3 important stages in a human life, birth, marriage and death. She has the highlighted the importance of the weavers, their work as well what are their thoughts when they are at work. The poem consists of a discussion between the post and the weavers. The poet asks the weavers and the weavers. The poet asks the weavers and the latter reply.



    3.3.Poetic Devices, language, style :

The poetess has used devices like Alliteration, metaphor, simile, imagery to create the scene in the reader’s mind. The rhyme scheme is a, a , b, b ,providing a pleasing rhythm to read aloud. The language comprises words used in a manner to create a beautiful and realistic picture. 



4.Sf4.Special features/Novelties/Focussing elements :


There is an emphasis on ,” Accept life with its joys and sorrows, dignity of labour and career opportunities in small scale industries. The other aspects are vivid description of the clothes, colour imagery and use of time element, with different kinds of feelings are beautifully depicted by the poetess.



       5. Values / message :

The poem gives a very important message about the importance of colours weaved by weavers in our life. The poem begins with life, joy, hope and ends with sorrow and grief teaches us that we have to accept the law of Nature.



       6. Your opinion about the poem :

The poem is very beautiful, metaphorically each time and the dress  woven in that time symbolises particular stage in life. It i also directly suggests the plights of Indian weavers and the dignity of hard labour should be maintained.








POETIC APPRECIATION 2.1 SONG OF THE OPEN ROAD

 Q.3 B) POETIC APPRECIATION: (04 MARKS)


Unit 2.1 SONG OF THE OPEN ROAD



a) About the poem /Poet and the title

This poem is written by the famous American poet walt Whitman.He is called as “The father of free verses. This poem is taken from one of his famous book named ‘ Leaves of Grass” The title of the poem indicates that the poet sets up out of his world to venture.

b )Theme

The theme of the poem is freedom. The word ”free ”here means being able to do anything he/she wants to do. The poet wants to go out from restrictions and comforts.

  1. Poetic style

This poem is of four stanzas. The poet has used free verse. Each line is of different length. The poet himself is a narrator/speaker of this poem

d)Language /Poetic devices used in the poem

The poem is a dramatic monologue.There are many poetic devices but no metre or rhyme.

e)special features

The poet himself is a narrator/speaker in this poem.It is a dramatic monologue.It reflects poet’s own struggle in his journey of life.

F ) Message, Values, moral

In the poem

The moral of the poem is that along with the journey of life,one may face test of wisdom.The word,”road” symbolises mobility of progress.we must take road as a starting point of our life.we should move ahead without getting struck at a place.

g) your opinion about the poem :

This is an inspirational poem. It inspires us to explore the world by using our abilities. We should take our life positively without any complaints or regrets.

Tuesday, March 30, 2021

UNIT 4.1 HISORY OF NOVEL

 Section Four : Genre- Novel


Unit 4.1  History of Novel

The eighteenth century has gifted English literature two entirely new forms which are without any traces in the ancient classical heritage. One of those was ‘The Periodical Essay’ and the other was ‘NOVEL’. Both of these forms, especially ‘novel’, caught the spirit of the eighteenth century as the age of intellectual, sentimental and realistic plane and tried to instruct the readers, which would help them to a more purposeful and virtuous life. Since the time of its origin, novel has been gaining popularity and growing gradually. Today, it is recognized as the most dominant literary genre.

A novel is a relatively long narrative fiction which describes intimate human experiences normally in a prose form. The present English word ‘novel’ is derived from the Italian ‘novella’, meaning ‘new’. A novel narrates a story embellishing it with more details of time, place, nature, people and their minds, their gestures and activities. It creates the picture of the society of that time. Novel makes life easier to understand than in drama and poetry. In modern era novel has adopted literary prose.

The novel as a literary genre has a history of about two thousand years. Among the early precursors of novel a collection of tales known as Greek Romances dating from the second to sixth century may top the list. These imaginative and delightful stories of ideal love and marvellous adventures profoundly affected the creative writing for the next thousand years. Though novel in the modern era usually makes use of a literary prose the earlier threads of the genre can be found in Virgil’s Ecologues or Malory’s ‘Morte De Arthur’ or Geoffrey Chaucer’s ‘The Canterbury Tales’.

Murasaki Shikibu’s ‘Tale of Genji’ (1010) has been described as the world’s first novel. The European novel is often said to begin with ‘Don Quixote’ by Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes which was published in two parts between 1605 and1615. In the 18th century, the appearance of newspaper and magazines attracted a large number of readers from the middle class. These new readers had little interest in romances and tragedies, which were appreciated by the upper class. Thus, need for a new typeof literature arose that would express the new ideas of the 18th century. The 18th century new literature was characterized by the spirit of realism and denial of romantic features like enthusiasm, passion and imagination. The foreground for the novel was prepared by all these factors. After 1740, novel originated as the literary form in England. Increase in trade and commerce, along with the Industrial Revolution, had given rise to the middle class. A class of people had emerged to occupy an elite status. The realistic picture of everyday life and problems of common people depicted in the novels appealed to the newly educated class and was regarded by them as respectable reading material. Thus, novel as a form appears to have been designed for both to voice the aspirations of the middle and lower classes and meet their longings. The spread of machines could provide a time to the educated middle class for reading and discussions about the books. Drama and poetry were the two literary forms that were fading away. Novel was a combination of some features of them and some new features were added to the form. It was the prominent form in the eighteenth century and onwards to encompass the social, political and cultural happenings and scientific progress.

‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’ by John Bunyan (1678) and ‘Oroonoku’ by Aphra Behn (1688) initiated the plenteous and colourful tradition of English novel and was followed by Daniel Defoe ( Robinson Crusoe, Mall Flanders), and Jonathan Swift (‘Gulliver’s Travels’ - a famous satire). Other major novelists of 18th century are Samuel Richardson, (‘Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded’ and ‘Clarissa,’ both epistolary novels), Henry Fielding, Lawrence Sterne and Tobias Smollett. The tradition was enriched by many other stalwart novelists such as Charles Dickens, Walter Scott, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Horace Walpole, Thomas Hardy, Willkie Collins and H.G. Wells. The 20th century is marked by the modern topics and innovative styles and techniques and widened angles of the views by the novelists like E.M. Forster, James Joyce, Joseph Conrad, Henry James, George Orwell, Graham Greene, D.H. Lawrence, William Golding and Anthony Burgess. They widened the circumference of the genre by writing political, social, psychological and other modern issues in their novels. There are immigrant authors like Salman Rushdie (India), V.S. Naipaul (Trinidad), Kazuo Ishigura (Japan) and many others.

The contribution of women novelists to this great pageant cannot be neglected. The novel of manners ‘Evelina’ by Frances Burney, Gothic novels by Ann Radcliffe, a novel based on Science of the age ‘Frankenstein’ by Mary Shelley are landmark novels. Jane Austen has been ruling over the minds of the people through her novels. Bronte sisters Emily and Charlotte have created their own place by their incomparable works ‘The Wuthering Heights’ and ‘Jane Eyre’. Mary Ann Evans alias George Eliot wrote the novels reflecting psychological insight. Virginian Woolf is the pioneer of the Stream of Consciousness technique in English novel. Agatha Christie created her own place by writing many novels based on crime. Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple are the evergreen detectives created by her. Harper Lee, Margaret Atwood, Toni Morrison and Alice Walker have elevated the tradition further to prosperity.

Indian Scenario :-

‘Rajmohan’s Wife’, by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya serialized in ‘The Indian Field’ was the first novel in English written by an Indian. The period after that is marked by few more novels written by the Indian writers. These novels bore either nationalistic virtues or social issues as their main framework. Mulkraj Anand, R.K. Narayan and Raja Rao were the major trio who prevailed in the period after that. Novelists like Anita Desai, Nayantara Sahgal and Arun Joshi and Manohar Malgaonkar changed the current of Indian English novel through their works. Amitav Ghosh, Vikram Seth and Upamanyu Chatterjee ameliorated the Indian novel in English by adding new features to it. Recent years have witnessed the dazzling performance by Indian novelists like Salman Rushsie, Arvind Adiga, Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai and Kiran Nagarkar. The tradition of Indian English novel has undergone a vital change since its birth and it has undoubtedly very bright future.



 N NOVELLA:-

A Novella, the word originated from the Italian word ‘novelle’, is a type of prose fiction which is shorter than a full length novel and longer than short stories. It is a well-structured yet short narrative, often satiric or realistic in tone. It usually focuses on one incident or issue with one or two main characters and takes place at a single tradition. Some of the famous novellas in English are –

‘The Heart of Darkness’ by Joseph Conrad

‘The Turn of the Screw’ by Henry James

‘Billy Budd’ by Hermann Melville

‘Death in Venice’ by Thomas Mann

‘Seize the Day’ by Saul Bellow

‘Pearl’ by John Steinbeck


Elements of Novel/ Novella :

There are six elements essential of ‘Novel’ or “Novella’. All these factors may be related to one another in the work by an author.

Theme :

Theme is the central idea in the novel which can be expressed in a nutshell. It is a philosophical statement or a truth which the writer has put forth through the narration of the series of events in the story and characters acting in the particular setting.

Plot :

Plot is essentially the story or the course of events that make up the theme. It is created by the conflict either internal (inside the mind of the character) or external (with other characters or entities). Plot may be simple (one plot) or complex (consisting the interweaving of many subplots).

Character :

Characterization is related to the plot as the course of events take place because of the certain behaviour of the characters.

Depiction of character can range from a thumbnail sketch to deep, wordy, highly

detailed verbal sketch. The important character may have been described in its every aspect by the writer. The minor characters are not given much importance. The reader follows the actions of one main character throughout the novel. This character is referred to as the ‘protagonist’. Protagonist (main character) is in conflict with a character or an entity or a force (internal or external) which is known as antagonist.

Setting :

Setting is the background in which the story takes place. There are several aspects of the setting. It includes place, period, time, climate or weather and lifestyle. Plot and character are the two major elements that are affected due to setting.

Conflict :

The struggle between the opposite forces in the story is called ‘conflict.’ Conflict in the story provides interest and curiosity about the plot.

Language / Style :

The language and the techniques used by the author for the narration of the course of events is known as the ‘style’. An author can use extensive vocabulary and high phrases or he may be laconic and would write only to the point or he may mix both according to the requirement for meeting his purpose. He may use linguistic devices to make the narrative effective. All these factors decide the ‘texture’ of the narration and create an impact on the readers.


Types of Novel

Realistic novel :

The realistic novel is a fiction that gives the effect of realism. Sometimes this is also called a novel of manner. It can be characterized by its complex characters with mixed motives that are rooted in the social class. The characters in the realistic novel interact with other characters and undergo plausible and everyday experiences.

Picaresque novel :

The word ‘picaresque’ is originated from the Spanish word ‘picaro,’ which means a rogue. A picaresque novel narrates the adventures of the protagonist, who is an eccentric or a disreputable person, in an episodic form. Historical novel: A historical novel is a novel set in a period earlier than that of the writing.

Epistolary novel :

The word ‘epistolary’ derives from the Latin word ‘epistola,’ which means a letter. The epistolary novel is that in which the writer presents the narrative through a series of correspondence or other documents. Although letters are the most common basis for epistolary novel, diary entries are also a popular form of this type. Gothic novel: The novels that include terror, mystery, horror, thriller, supernatural, doom, death or decay or haunted buildings are called The Gothic novels.

Autobiographical novel :

The autobiographical novel is the novel based on the life of the author. However, the author changes the places and names of characters or even may change or avoid certain details of his life. It may or may not be in the first person narration.

Allegorical novel :

An allegory is a story that bears more than one level of meaning. The surface meaning of such novel is different from the symbolic meaning of it. The symbolic meaning of an allegory may be political, religious, historical or philosophical.

Utopian / Dystopian novel :

Utopia is an imaginary community or society possessing the ideal qualities. It is a common literary theme, especially in science fiction or speculative fiction.

Psychological novel :

Psychological novel is the work of fiction that treats the internal life of the protagonist or even the other characters as much as the external factors.

Stream of Consciousness novel :

Stream of consciousness is a phrase coined by William James in his treatise ‘Principles of Psychology.’ (1890). It means the flow of the thoughts. Incidents in the plot are in the sequence of their occurrences. The novelist narrates them as they enter the mind of the character.

‘Bildungsroman’ novel :

The German word ‘bildungsroman’ indicates growth. The fictional biography or autobiography is concerned with the growth of the protagonist’s mind, spirit and characters from their childhood to adulthood. In the first half of the 20th century a cult of ‘pulp magazines’ became popular in which fantastic fiction for the general entertainment of the masses was printed on the cheap pulp paper. The pulp fiction era provided a building ground for the detective novels and science fiction. Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic setting, futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, parallel universes and extra-terrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations. ‘Frankenstein’ by Mary Shelly (1823) is considered the first novel based on science and technology. The genre flourished in the second half of the 19th century.

Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective-either professional or amateur-investigates a crime, often a murder.




A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Murasakin shikabu 1) Cervantes

b) Novella 2) Bankimchandra chattopadhyaya

c) Don Quixote 3) Tale of Ginji

d) Rajmohan’s wife 4) New

Answer :  a) - 3),  b) -  4),  c) - 1),  d) -  2)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) The pilgrim’s progress 1) Gulliver’s Travels

b) Oroonoku 2) Robinson Crusoe

c) Daniel Defoe 3) Aphr Behn

d) Jonathan swift 4) John Bunyan

Answer :  a) - 4),  b) - 3),  c) - 2),  d) - 1)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Samuel Richardson 1) Salmon Rushdie

b) Immigrant Authors 2) Epistolary Novels

c) Frances Burney 3) Frankenstein

d) Mary Shelley 4) Evelina

Answer : a) - 2),  b) - 1),  c) - 4),  d) - 3)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Bronte sisters 1) Psychological insights

b) George Eliot 2) Novels on crime

c) Agatha Christie 3) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya

d) Rajmohan’s wife 4) The wuthering Heights

Answer :  a) - 4),  b) - 1),  c) - 2),  d) - 3)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Rajmohan’s wife 1) Salmon Rushdie, V.S.Naipaul

b) Immigrant authors 2) First Novel in English by an Indian

c) The heart of Darkness 3) Henry James

d) The Turn of the screw 4) Joseph Conrad

Answer :  a) - 2),  b) - 1),  c) - 4),  d) - 3)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Herman Melville 1) Pearl

b) Thomas Mann 2) Seize of the day

c) Saul Bellow 3) Billy Budd

d) John Steinbeck 4) Death in Venice

Answer : a) - 3),  b) - 4),  c) - 2),  d) - 1)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Realistic Novel 1) Terror, mystery, supernatural

b) Picaresque Novel 2) Letters, Diary entries, documents

c) Epistolary Novel 3) Manner or realism

d) Gothic Novel 4) Rogue or disreputable person

Answer : a) - 3),  b) - 4),  c) -  2),  d) - 1)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Theme 1) struggle

b) Plot 2) Central idea in a nutshell

c) Setting 3) story or the course of events

d) Conflict 4) Background

Answer :  a) - 2),  b) - 3),  c) - 4),  d) - 1)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Based on the life of the author 1) Allegorical Novel

b) More than one level of meaning 2) Utopian/Dystopian Novel

c) Science fiction/speculative fiction 3) Autobiographical Novel

d) William James 4) Principles of psychology

Answer :  a) - 3),  b) - 1),  c) - 2),  d) - 4)

A1. Match the columns : (02)

A B

a) Bildungsroman Novel 1) Entertainment of the mass

b) Psychological Novel 2) period earlier than that of writing

c) Historical Novel 3) Internal/external life of the protagonist

d) Pulp Magazines 4) Growth of the protagonist

Answer : a) - 4),  b) - 3),  c) - 2),  d) - 1)


A1. True or false : (02)

State whether the following statements are True or false. Correct the false statement.

1) Novel makes life easier to understand than in drama and poetry. (T)

2) “Tale of Ginji’ has been described as the world’s first Novel. (T)

3) The spread of machines was the reason that the readers could not get time to read
novel. (F)

CORRECT STATEMENT The spread of machines could provide a time to the educated middle class for reading and discussion about the novels.

4) Agatha Christie was the most famous Romantic Novelist. (F) 

CORRECT STATEMENT Agatha Christie used to write novels on crime.


A1. True or False : (02)

State whether the following statements are True or false. Correct the false statement.

1) “Rajmohan’s wife” by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the first novel in English written by an Indian. (T)

2) Novella is a short narrative often satire or realistic in tone. (T)

3) The language and the techniques used by the author for the narrator is known as
plot. (F)

CORRECT STATEMENT The language and the techniques used by the author for the narrator is known as Style.

4) Realistic Novels are dealing with imaginative things. (F)

CORRECT STATEMENT  Realistic Novels are dealing with Realism/manner.


A1. True or False : (02)

State whether the following statements are True or false. Correct the false statement.

1) Picaresque novels are related to pictures, images. (F)

CORRECT STATEMENT Picaresque novels are related to Rogue/ disreputable person

2) Epistolary novels are about Epics/ Mythology etc. (F)

CORRECT STATEMENT Epistolary novels are related to correspondence/documents/ letters/ diary entries.

3) Autobiographical novel is based on the life of the author. (T)

4) Stream of consciousness novel means flow of the thoughts. (T)

A1. True or False : (02)

State whether the following statements are True or false. Correct the false statement.

1) Growth of the protagonist’s mind is the major theme of Bildungsroman Novel. (T)

2) Pulp magazines were very popular for the general entertainment of the masses. (T)

3) Imaginary community possessing ideal qualities is a common theme in science fiction or speculative fiction. (T)

4) “Frankenstein” by Mary shelly is considered the first Novel based on science and technology. (T)


A1. Choose : (02)

Choose the correct alternatives and rewrite the sentences.

1) The present English word,” Novel” is derived from the Italian  ……………………

a) Novelty b) Nationality

c) Novella d) Noel.

2) The ………………………………….. is written by Geoffrey Chaucer.

a) Canterbury Tales b) Tales of Grandmother

c) Cadbury stories d) Romantic stories

3) Salman Rashdie.V.S Naipaul,Kazao Ishigura are considered as …………………

a) Romantic writers b) Historical writers

c) Autobiographical writers   d) Immigrant Authors.

4) ……………………… is the pioneer of the stream of consciousness technique.

a) Ketan patel b) Virginia Woolf

c) R.K Narayan       d) Arundhatti Roy.


A1. Choose : (02)

Choose the correct alternatives and rewrite the sentences.

1) Agatha christie’s Novels are based on  ………………………………….

a) Crime b) Romance

c) suspense      d) History.

2) ………………. by Bankim Chandra chattopadhay was the first Novel in English Written by an Indian.

a) India of my dreams b) Rajmohan’s wife

c) Swami      d) who is afraid of him?

3) There are ……………………………………….. Elements of Novel.

a) Two       b) three     

c) six      d)  ten

4) Plots may be of two types ……………………… and ……………………..

a) Open plot/close plot     b) First/second     

c) primary/secondary   d) simple/complex


A1. Choose : (02)

Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the sentences.

1) The word picaresque is originated from the Spanish word,”picaro” which means……..

a) Pictures     b) picnic      

c) Rogue    d) paintings

2) Epistolary derives from the Latin word epistola means the word ………………

a) Letter      b) Epic     

c) English culture d) palaces

3) …………………………….is the principle of stream of consciousness Novel.

a) Flow of love    b) flow of thoughts      

c) war and loss   d) science and technology.

4) “Frankenstein” by ………………………… is considered the first novel based on science and technology.

a) R. K. Narayan b) Jayant Naralikar     

c) Chetan Bhagat    d) Mary shelley.


A2. Pick out : (02)

Pick out the odd element from the group.

1) Arun joshi , vikram seth, Graham Greene, kiran Nagarkar

Odd element : Graham Greene.


1) Arun joshi , vikram seth kiran Nagarkar

2) Anita Desai, Nayantara  Sehgal,R. K Narayan, Herman Melville.

Odd element : Herman Melville.

Anita Desai, Nayantara  Sehgal ,R. K Narayan


3) Place, period, Theme, climate, life-style.

Odd element : Theme

Place, period, climate, life-style.


4) Theme, language / style, character, stream of consciousness, setting.

Odd element; stream of consciousness.

Theme, language / style, character


5) Realistic, psychological, Autobiographical, complex, picaresque.

Odd element : Complex

Realistic, psychological, autobiographical, picaresque


6) Theme, plot, character, Novella

Odd element:  Novella

Theme, plot, character


7) Salmon Rushdie, V.S.Naipaul, Kazao Ishigura, John Banyan

Odd element: John Banyan.

Salmon Rushdie,V.S. Naipaul, Kazao ishigura.


8) Mulkraj Anand,R.k Narayan,Raja Rao,joseph Conrad 

Odd element:   Joseph Conrad

Mulkraj Anand,R.K Narayan,Raja rao


9) Frances Burney,Ann Redcliffe,Mary shelly,Raja Rao

Odd element:  Raja Rao

Frances Burney, Ann Redcliffe, Mary shelly


A3. Complete the following sentences. (02)

1) The two types of conflicts that the plot may have are simple or complex.

2) Periodical Essay and Novel were two new forms predominant in eighteenth century.

3) The present English word Novel is derived from the Italian word  Novella  means New.

4) The spread of machines could provide a time to the educated middle class for reading and discussion about the books.

5) Salmon Rushdie, V.S.Naipaul  and Kazao Ishigura  are called as immigrant authors.

6) Hercule poirot  and Miss.Marple are the evergreen detectives created by Agatha Christie.

7) The indian Novels of olden times either had nationalistic virtues or social issues as their Main framework.

8) Novelle is a type of prose fiction which is shorter than a full length Novel and longer than short stories.

9) The reader follows the actions of the main character and it is referred to as the Protagonist is in conflict with a character or a force known as antagonist.

10) Plot and character are the major elements that are affected due to setting.

11) The language and the techniques used by the author for the narration of the course of  events are known as the style.

12) Realistic Novel is a fiction that gives the effect of Realism and it is also called a novel of Manner.

13) The adventures of the protagonist who is an eccentric or a disreputable person in an epistolary Novel.

14) Letters, diary entries and other documents are the most common basis for epistolary Novel.

15) The symbolic meaning of allegory may be Political, religious, historical or philosophical

16) An imaginary community or society possessing ideal qualities is a common literary theme especially in Science fiction or speculative fiction.

17) The pulp fiction era provided a building ground for the detective novels and science fiction.

18) The word,” Picaresque’ is originated from Spanish word Picaro which means a Rogue.

19) The epistolary novel represents the narrative through a series of correspondence or other documents.

20) In the eighteenth century, middle class could get the time for reading and discussing the novels because of  the spread of machines.


A4. Write short notes on : (02)

1) Novella :

The present English word,” Novel” is derived from the Italian,” Novella” meaning,” new”. A novel narrates a story embellishing it with more details of the place, nature, people and their minds and their gestures and activities. It creates the picture of the society of that time.


2) The contribution of women Novelists:

The novel of manners,” Evelina” by Frances Burney”and  “Frankenstein” by Mary shelly are landmark novels. Jane Austene has been ruling over the minds of the people through her novels.Emily Bronte,charloote Bront have created their own place by their works.


3) Novels on crime :

Agatha Christie created her own place by writing many novels based on crime “ Hercule poirot” and “Miss. Marple’ are the evergreen detectives created by her. Herper Lee, Margaret Atwood, Toni Morrison and Alie walkers elevated the tradition.


4) Indian tradition of Novels :

“Rajmohan’s wife” by bankim Chandra chattopadhyay serialized in the “ Indian field” was the first nvel in English by an Indian writer. Mulkraj Anand,R.K  Narayan,Raja Rao were the major trio who prevailed in the period after that Novelists like Anita Desai,Nayantara Sehgal,Arun Joshi and Manohar Malgaonkar changed the current of Indian English Novel.


5) Elements of Novel :

1)  Theme,  2)   plot,  3) character,   4) setting,   5) conflict,    6) language, style

 

6) Types of Novel :

1) Realistic novel 2) Picaresque novel

3) Historical novel 4) Epistolary novel

5) Gothic novel 6) Autobiographical novel

7) Allegorical novel 8) Utopian/ Dystopian novel

9) Psychological novel 10) Stream of consciousness novel

11) Bildungsroman novel


7) Style of the Novel :

The language and the techniques used by the author for the narration of events is known as the style


8) Theme of the Novel : Theme is the central idea in the novel which can be expressed in a nutshell. It is a philosophical statement or a truth which the writer has put forth through the narration of the series of events in the story and characters acting in the particular setting.


9) Plot of the Novel : Plot is essentially the story or the course of events that make up the theme. It is created by the conflict either internal (inside the mind of the character) or external (with other characters or entities). Plot may be simple (one plot) or complex (consisting the interweaving of many subplots).


10) Character of the Novel : Characterization is related to the plot as the course of events take place because of the certain behaviour of the characters.

Depiction of character can range from a thumbnail sketch to deep, wordy, highly detailed verbal sketch. The important character may have been described in its every aspect by the writer. The minor characters are not given much importance. The reader follows the actions of one main character throughout the novel. This character is referred to as the ‘protagonist’. Protagonist (main character) is in conflict with a character or an entity or a force (internal or external) which is known as antagonist.


11) Setting of the Novel: Setting is the background in which the story takes place. There are several aspects of the setting. It includes place, period, time, climate or weather and lifestyle. Plot and character are the two major elements that are affected due to setting.


12) Conflict in the Novel: The struggle between the opposite forces in the story is called ‘conflict.’ Conflict in the story provides interest and curiosity about the plot.


Activities prepared by

TUSHAR J BAGWE

K J SOMAIYA COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND COMMERCE VIDYAVIHAR EAST MUMBAI 77

E Mail IDs:

tushar@somaiya.edu

tushar8bagwe@gmail.com

jaisinghtushar 812@gmail.com

110970.bagwe@mahaeschool.co.in

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